建立手段控制詞彙術語清單

建立手段控制詞彙術語清單

標題
建立手段控制詞彙術語清單
命名空間 URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/
首選命名空間縮寫
dwcem:
版本發行日期
2025-07-10

建立日期

生物多樣性訊息標準的一部分
http://www.tdwg.org/standards/450
This document version
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/em/2025-07-10
Latest version of document
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/em/
Previous version
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/em/2025-06-12
摘要
達爾文核心標準詞彙「establishmentMeans」提供資訊,說明一種或多種生物是否透過現代人類的直接或間接活動,傳入特定地點與時間。 建立手段控制詞彙提供了應用於「dwc:establishmentMeans」和 「dwciri:establishmentMeans」值的術語。
貢獻者
Quentin Groom (Botanic Garden Meise), Peter Desmet (Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek (INBO)), Lien Reyserhove (Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek (INBO)), Tim Adriaens (Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek (INBO)), Damiano Oldoni (Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek (INBO)), Sonia Vanderhoeven (Belgian Biodiversity Platform), Steven J Baskauf (Vanderbilt University Libraries), Arthur Chapman (Australian Biodiversity Information Services), Melodie McGeoch (McGeoch Research Group), Ramona Walls (University of Arizona), John Wieczorek (VertNet), John R.U. Wilson (South African National Biodiversity Institute), Paula F Zermoglio (VertNet), Annie Simpson (U.S. Geological Survey)
Creator
TDWG Darwin Core Maintenance Group
書目引用
TDWG Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2025. Establishment Means Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/em/2025-07-10

1 引言

本文件所包含的詞彙是用來作為本地名稱為 「establishmentMeans」的達爾文核心標準詞彙的控制值。 如需詳細資訊和理由,請參閱 Groom et al. 2019. Improving Darwin Core for research and management of alien species. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.3.38084

1.1 本文件內容的現況

在第 4 節中,「Term IRI」、「Definition」和「Controlled value」的值是規範性的。 「Usage」的值 (如果它存在於特定術語中) 是規範性的。 「Term Name」的值是非規範性的,不過可以預期命名空間縮寫是術語命名空間的常用前綴。 「Label」和所有其他屬性 (例如「Notes」) 的值都是非規範性。

1.2 RFC 2119 關鍵字

本文件中的關鍵詞「MUST」、「MUST NOT」、「REQUIRED」、「SHALL」、「SHALL NOT」、「SHOULD」、「SHOULD NOT」、「RECOMMENDED」、「MAY」和「OPTIONAL」應按照 RFC 2119 中的描述進行解釋。

2 使用條款

由於 《達爾文核心標準RDF指南》第 1.4.3 節 的要求,術語 IRI 必須用作「dwciri:establishmentMeans」的值。 受控制的值字串必須用作「dwc:establishmentMeans」的值。

3 術語索引

establishmentMeans controlled concept scheme | introduced (alien, exotic, non-native, nonindigenous) | introduced: assisted colonisation | native (indigenous) | native: endemic | native: reintroduced | uncertain (unknown, cryptogenic) | vagrant (casual)

4 vocabulary

term_name dwcem:e
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e
modified 2020-10-13
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e-2020-10-13
label 原生或引進定義評估
definition A SKOS Concept Scheme to be used as a controlled vocabulary for the Darwin Core terms dwc:establishmentMeans and dwciri:establishmentMeans
type http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#ConceptScheme
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
term_name dwcem:e001
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e001
modified 2021-09-01
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e001-2021-09-01
label 原生
definition 在自然範圍內活動的分類群
notes What is considered native to an area varies with the biogeographic history of an area and the local interpretation of what is a "natural range".
controlled_value native
type concept
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
term_name dwcem:e002
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e002
modified 2025-06-12
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e002-2025-06-12
label 原生:再引進
definition A taxon re-established by direct introduction by humans into an area that was once part of its natural range, but from where it had become extinct.
notes Where a taxon has become extirpated from an area where it had naturally occurred it may be returned to that area deliberately with the intention of re-establishing it.
controlled_value nativeReintroduced
type concept
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2025-06-12_47
term_name dwcem:e003
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e003
modified 2021-09-01
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e003-2021-09-01
label 引進(外來、非原生、非原住)
definition Establishment of a taxon by human agency into an area that is not part of its natural range.
notes Organisms can be introduced to novel areas and habitats by human activity, either on purpose or by accident. Humans can also inadvertently create corridors that break down natural barriers to dispersal and allow organisms to spread beyond their natural range.
controlled_value introduced
type concept
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
term_name dwcem:e004
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e004
modified 2021-09-01
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e004-2021-09-01
label 引進(協助拓殖)
definition Establishment of a taxon specifically with the intention of creating a self-sustaining wild population in an area that is not part of the taxon's natural range.
notes In the event of environmental change and habitat destruction a conservation option is to introduce a taxon into an area it did not naturally occur.
controlled_value introducedAssistedColonisation
type concept
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
term_name dwcem:e005
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e005
modified 2020-10-13
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e005-2020-10-13
label 流浪的
definition The temporary occurrence of a taxon far outside its natural or migratory range.
notes Natural events and human activity can disperse organisms unpredictably into places where they may stay or survive for a period.
controlled_value vagrant
type concept
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
term_name dwcem:e006
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e006
modified 2021-09-01
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e006-2021-09-01
label 不確定的(未知、隱源性)
definition The origin of the occurrence of the taxon in an area is obscure.
notes When there is a lack of fossil or historical evidence for the occurrence of a taxon in an area it can be impossible to know if the taxon is new to the area or native.
controlled_value uncertain
type concept
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
term_name dwcem:e007
term_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e007
modified 2025-06-12
term_version_iri http://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e007-2025-06-12
label native: endemic
definition A taxon with a natural distribution restricted to a single geographical area.
notes The term endemic is a subcategory of native and relates to geography, such as "areas of endemism", bioregions, and sometimes administrative boundaries. While a native taxon can naturally occur in several geographical areas an endemic taxon only occurs in one. In Darwin Core terms this would mean, "A dwc:Organism referred to is recognized as a member of a dwc:Taxon endemic to the dcterms:Location at the time of the dwc:Occurrence."
controlled_value nativeEndemic
type concept
executive_committee_decision http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2025-06-12_47